Alternatively, the state can instate an efficient court system, aided by active law enforcement agencies. 另外,国家可以指令高效的法院系统,辅助主动执法机构。
State and Local Court Systems: Each state, as well as the District of Columbia and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, has its own independent judicial system that operates independently. 州和地方法院体系:美国各州及哥伦比平静特区和波多黎各自由邦,都拥有自己独立运作的司法体系。
Each state, as well as the District of Columbia, has its own fully developed, independent system of courts and there is a separate federal court system. 每个州和哥伦比亚特区都有其各自非常完善、独立的法院系统,而且还有一个独立的联邦法院系统。
In response to the inherent demand of policies and strategies of state administration and the challenge arising from it, the objectives of court reform should be fixed at the following aspects: constructing authoritative judicature system that will provide guarantee for judges to make judgment independently; 为了回应依法治国方略的内在要求及其带来的挑战,法院改革目标应定位在:构建为法官进行自主性判断提供保障的权威性司法体制;
The court systems of the United States implement "double track", which means, the federal court system and the state court system are two parallel court systems. But the researches aiming on the state court system of the United States are still relatively few. 但美国法院系统实行双轨制,即联邦法院与各州法院这两种并行的法院系统,而我国针对美国州法院的制度研究则相对较少。
In the court system, it can be divided into two types, namely, unitary state court system and federal state court system. 在法院体系方面,基本上可以划分为两种类型:单一制国家法院体系与联邦制国家法院体系。
By Chapters II and III of this analysis, in a sense can be understood, a state trial-level court system depends on the actual kind of state the following factors. 通过本文第二章和第三章的分析,在一定意义上,可以看出一个国家法院审级制度的实际样态取决于以下几方面的因素。